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What Conrad & Poole (1998) refer to as a â€Å"relational strategy of organizing† is more commonly called the â€Å"human relations approach† or â€Å"human relations school† of management by organizational theorists. This human relations approach can be seen as being almost entirely antithetical to the principles of classical management theory. Where classical management focused on the rationalization of work routines, human relations approaches stressed the accommodation of work routines and individual motional and relational needs as a means of increasing productivity.To a great extent, the human relations approach can be seen as a response to classical management an attempt to move away from the inflexibility of classical management approaches. The human relations approach can also be seen as a response to a highly charged and polarized social climate in which labor and management were viewed as fundamentally opposed to one another, and communism was seen as a very real and immediate danger to the social order the otion of class struggle propounded by Marxist theorists was taken very seriously.By focusing on the extent to which workers and managers shared economic interests in the success of the organization, the human relations approach can be seen as an attempt to move beyond the class struggle idea. Of course, the human relations approach (which really emerged in the late 1930s) was made possible by the fairly coercive suppression of the most radical organized labor movements.The sidebar describes one such movement, and is provided in order to indicate the social climate extant in the period immediately preceding the emergence of the human relations approach. In essence, the human relations approach sees the organization as a cooperative enterprise wherein worker morale is a primary contributor to productivity, and so seeks to improve productivity by modifying the work environment to increase morale and develop a more skilled and cap able worker.

Mockingbirds Life Styles

A child in 1930's Alabama had a life much different than the life of a child growing up in today's modern society. As opposed to today's standards, education was less civilized. Their home life was not as privileged or as entertaining, and their place in society was much more trivial, and planned out. The lifestyles of a 1930's Alabama youth were much different than today's modern child. In Harper Lee's Novel To Kill A Mockingbird, three youths struggle to grow up in post depression Maycomb, Alabama. Their school is, by today's standards, much less evolved. Not only were special needs not embraced, they were ignored. Whereas today's society has no problems adapting education so that everybody could learn. There were less career options for children as well. We live in a time where the idea is â€Å"You can be whatever you set your mind to.† However, the slogan 70 years ago was more like â€Å"You will be what we want you to be, and when we want you to be it, but only if you're white.† Luckily, education criteria have changed since then, as well as home life and society. Home life in the novel is very foreign to us. First of all, we don't have a cook or servant unless we are very wealthy. The Finch's had Calpurnia to fix their meals. There was more of a family closeness attitude back then too, whereas today families are often split up, and kids can become less and less attached to their families. Independence is a common denominator in both time periods. Rites of passage again, were another similarity in both time periods. Children had a very limited role in society back in post-depression Alabama. They hadn't much of a say in what they were going to be, nor their activities, opinions, or much else in life. When Jem and Scout passed by Mrs. DuBose's house, they were to be proper and polite when she was rude to them, where in today's society, there is a possibility that the youth could be rude, and suffer no consequences. Hence, life for a youth in 1930's had a different lifestyle than young people today. Education was not as systematic, home and family life was dramatically foreign, and they had a trivial place in society. Times have changed since then, and they will in the coming years.

Experience with leadership issues at work as a nurse Essay

Experience with leadership issues at work as a nurse - Essay Example Creativity in nurse leadership: With the changing environmental trends, there has been a need for the nursing profession and leadership to rethink their strategy in operation, and adopt advanced practices to embrace technology. According to Clark, a nurse leader is expected to use all her knowledge and problem solving skills to offer a creative solution to healthcare situations (4). Meaning, the holding on to former knowledge could not be relevant to the certain problems that exist in line with duty. Creativity comes in when the nurse leadership is well equipped with leadership skills whether one is an inborn leader or achieved it by learning. Female nurse leaders have to be recommended in their majority in the profession, but they have to make efforts to integrate most of the medical nursing theories into practice to make work easier for the few/ diverse staff available. Remember their functions matter a lot to attract client services into their organizations and sometimes, patients judge an institution based on the service being offered and the leadership available. Female nurse leaders have been keen to offer quality service by embracing information technology, coordinating the staff, and communicating efficiently, thereby adjusting with the health care trend and generally improving the practice. Creativity is very essential to manage tumultuous situations in healthcare; that is where they are challenged and seek to employ flexibility and collaborative approaches, which reinforce creativity and better yet improve the safety of their patients with speed. Perception of women nursing leadership as inferior: Although women are the majority in nursing, as leaders, they at times experience hostility and lack of support to boost their morale in their new roles. Surprisingly, one would think such a conduct arises with men in the profession alone, but other previous peer nurses also contribute to such discriminative view. Daly, Speedy, and Jackson (57), mention how w omen’s nursing leadership skills are devalued, since the female gender is implied to be frivolous and unfit to lead. This is a stereotype that is always there for most women leadership, even in other organizations and existing in a female dominated profession (nursing) is rather awkward though a reality. Even if a female nurse could be an excellent clinician and possessing innate leadership acumen, struggles of adopting the informal leadership capability in the formal role once she attains a leadership position, creates room for her peers to criticize her leadership (Sanford 6-7). Their leadership is always under scrutiny; this makes most of them to be frustrated very young in their leadership, which could lead to failure in their new appointed nursing leadership. However, critics and misjudgment never lack; even though their integrity, behavior, and personality get to be scrutinized, the success in the position surpasses all after the adjustment, countering the inferiority s tereotype with confidence and demonstrating the leadership by practice no matter the misaligned expectations. Dealing with ethical issues: In their roles in healthcare, the nurse leaders experience certain ethical conflicts dealing with the profession, organization and even at their interpersonal level, but in the end have to rely on justice brought forth by the established rules and care,

Demand Estimation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Demand Estimation - Assignment Example Such a product according to economic theory is said to exhibit somewhat elastic demand relative to that of similar products in the market (Graves, & Sexton, 2009). Consequently, the owner of the low-calorie, frozen microwavable food product may need to worry less about rivals in the market since the pricing strategies have a negligible impact on his products. The income elasticity is estimated at 1.62. Such a result is an indication that a 1 percent positive change in the average incomes of the consumers of the product would lead to 1.62 percent increase in the quantity demanded. Theorists argue that such a degree of responsiveness due to changes in consumer income is elastic (Saez, Slemrod, & Giertz, 2012). In line with this, the firm can take the step increasing the price of the commodity if the incomes of the consumers are increased. The elasticity of advertisement is estimated at 0.1 implying that a unit increase in the funds spent on advertisement results to 0.11 increase in the quantity demanded. The result that the degree of responsiveness of the quantity demanded to changes in the intensity of the advertisement is relatively elastic. As such, increases in the level of advertisement do not justify increases in prices by the firm since it is possible that such price have the potential to scare away the consumers (Graves, & Sexton, 2009). In relation to the microwave ovens in the region, the elasticity is estimated at 0.07. Despite the food product being a complement to the microwave oven, a 1 percent elevation in the quantity of ovens in the region only increases the quantity of the food product by merely 0.07 percent. Concerning this, the degree of responsiveness of the quantity needed in relation to variations in the price of the oven is inelastic. The management is better off ignoring the effect of the changes in the price of the ovens when strategizing on

Equilibrium national income Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Equilibrium national income - Essay Example All the above dynamics keep driving the changes that occur in the national income economy since it always seeks to stabilize eventually. National equilibrium affects the economy in a great deal since it always moves it to its epicentre. Besides the national economy is never at equilibrium but always moving towards equilibrium as it seeks to stabilize with the always changing parameters in the process. In a classical system, the economy is most of the time thought to adjust itself from time to time. Most economists support the self-adjustment of a national equilibrium, which adjusts itself without or with minimal involvement of the national government. For negative output, wage is suppressed by the lack of demand and at the end of the day lead to a downward readjustment of the prices. Similarly, when there is increased demand of a product, there is released pressure on the wages, which at the end of the day leads to upward adjustments of the prices in most countries (Chao & Yu, 2002). These readjustments take place freely without the government intervention; the economy is driven by demand and supply policy. However, some of the major problems associated with the view lies with the difficulty on determining the time in which the country will take to achieve that equilibrium. With equal withdrawals and injection the national income level remains constant hence the economy coming up with a stable general equilibrium. A significant change in the economic activity is likely to be observed when there is a change in a country withdraws or injections. In case there are increased injections, the economy will grow and shrink in the instance where withdrawals are likely to exceed the latter. Economist gives an analogy of bath tub which fills with water more quickly when there is increased volume of water as compared to the amount of water leaving the tab. Concisely for the economy to be general equilibrium, it is important that there is a balance in the total

Freedom Writers Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Freedom Writers - Movie Review Example Freedom Writers is a movie, which is based on the racial and ethnic conflicts that make people fight with each other. Hilary Swank played the role of a motivational teacher whose name was Erin Gruwell. Gruwell was appointed at Wilson High School in 1994 to teach freshman English to the students. Memories of the 1992 riots were still fresh in the minds of the students. The class was full of troublesome students who had formed small gangs based on their races. Gruwell made her efforts to eradicate the feelings of hate and detestation from the minds of the students in order to make them productive citizens of the society. She used an exceptional approach to teach her students the value of peace. She asked students to write personal diaries regarding what they feel about each other and what they have suffered during riots. She used those diaries to teach her students. The film typically relates to the economy of race. Formation of aggressive gangs and riots represent racial aggression of the people. Racial discrimination occurs when one specific race is given priority on other races. In Freedom Writers, Gruwell kept herself focused towards educating the negative impact of racial conflicts to the students. She kept on telling the students that racial conflicts are never good for a society and the students need to eradicate the feelings of disgust from their minds in order to ensure peace in the society.

Computers and technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Computers and technology - Essay Example Through technology, ill-intended people have been able to steal the identity of others and orchestrate terror attacks amongst other crimes. For example, someone can misuse the internet, impersonate a public personality, and tarnish their reputation in the process (Anderson & Goodman, 2002). On the other hand, computers and technology have helped in globalization of trade and other important economic activities. Similarly, information technology has been assimilated in business activities through systems such as supply chain management systems, inventory management systems, and customer relationship management systems (Atkinson & McKay, 2007). According to Egbu and Botterill (2002), information technology can be defined as the software, hardware and management database amongst other technologies used to process, distribute and store information. This technology is responsible for electronic business operations, management of business models and improved efficiency in commercial as wel l as personal operations. Information technology is enabling many establishments innovate ways of increasing their competitiveness and profitability as well as managing their business processes (Atkinson & Mckay, 2007). Many activities in most companies are now conducted electronically with the use of information technology. This requires less effort and the technology can be used to link similar institutions located in different areas. Therefore, different bureaus and offices around the world can be linked with software technology and improve efficiency in their operations (Anderson & Goodman, 2002). Literature Review The use of technology has been integrated into many aspects of business such as sales and advertising. Technology has become an instrument of value for the maintenance and development of prolific business-customer relationships. However, the issue of ethics in the utilization of technology has been overlooked for a long time now (Anderson & Goodman, 2002). According B ush, Bush, and Orr (2010), many users find no need to conduct ethical procedures on the use of technological products; as a result, it causes ethical loopholes and weaknesses in technological platforms. Technology is perceived as an instrument for changing business operations, whereby there is a substantial integration of various business activities with technology (Egbu & Botterill, 2002). For instance, inventory in a company is no longer managed using books and files, instead, managers are able to track inventory by use of technological devices such as barcodes scanners, thereby managing inventory effectively. Therefore, it is through some of these changes that technology has been able to dominate activities in industry and trade amongst other significant sectors of the economy. Galimberti (2009), states that technology has not only taken over the economical domain of many countries and organizations but also dominated the political arena. A good example is the political revolutio ns that occurred in countries such as Tunisia and Egypt, whereby some citizens mobilized others using social media (Safranek, 2012). Therefore, through technology, different solutions are formulated to solve problems and innovate new ways of doing things such as detecting fraudulent activities in bank systems or monitoring sales trends for a given product to avoid excess production,

Comments on ideology, class, structure and agency as used in media Assignment

Comments on ideology, class, structure and agency as used in media studies - Assignment Example The audience of Jeremy Kyle show is a group of people who share the same problem as those presented by the guests. The show offers relief and introduces anxiety by presenting and discussing a problem that the audiences can potentially identify as opposed to guests’ assumptions that the viewers are not familiar with the problems. In other words, specialist guests represent the voice of audience’s own commentary, which is unexpressed, creating a sense of superiority being and viewer’s ideology continually reaffirmed and articulated (Barwise & Gordon, 2002 p207). Therefore, it is evident that both the programme and its viewers share common ideological message. I feel that sponsorship and advertising of this Jeremy Kyle show undermines the programme’s message. The sponsors of this programme and its adverts claim that it helps to counsel and rehabilitate couples (guests) yet its ideological stance that is primarily violence and sex, is what is used to reaffirm its moral codes and maintain its audience. According to Kyle, failure of women to attend to their domestic duties and abstinent with a child-bearing role, and men’s failure to use sexual protection method and contraceptives is the source of their problems. Other programmes that share the same ideological message with Jeremy Kyle show include the Jerry Springer Show, Ricky Lake Show and Trisha Goddard Television talk show (Barwise & Gordon, 2002

Knowledge Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Knowledge Management - Essay Example My personal knowledge management plan is as follows: Social dimension objective: My social dimension objective is identifying daily contacts that I can improve upon with use of networking, collaboration, or by engaging in productive dialogue in order to produce enhanced work relationships and work productivity (Wright, 5). Social dimension action plan: My social dimension action plan is to have more focused contact with different departments that I frequently interact with as an HR Generalist. By targeting problem areas with each department I deal with, it should improve the availability of knowledge in a way that can benefit the organization. A few departments that I interact with would include payroll, operations line managers, the information technology department, and my fellow HR colleagues. I plan to do this part of my action plan on as close to a daily basis as possible. Information dimension objective: My information dimension objective is to improve my use of information technology to improve work productivity. This could be through informational analyzing, organization, aggregation, or communication (Wright, 4). Information dimension action plan: My information dimension action plan is to identify one or more areas at my work over the next three weeks that could be improved through information technology. This will involve analyzing the current method of doing work, and in proposing improvements where appropriate. Analytical action plan: My analytical action plan involves reflecting on the decision-making process, and attempting to see how to generate ideas along with general interpretation or analysis. I plan to do this after each entry in my personal knowledge journal. Learning dimension objective: My learning dimension objective is to enhance the way I approach processing knowledge or learning. Learning can be by intuition, reflection, resource development, process improvements,

Q mthds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Q mthds - Essay Example (Weiss, 2004) For me, statistics are everywhere around us in this world. We face a lot of situation which involves statistics and more particularly descriptive statistics in our lives. In fact this interaction with statistics is so frequent that it is often very difficult to spend even hours of our lives without having to look at statistics or descriptive statistics. The reason behind statistics being all around us, confines in the daily activities or routine tasks, which we go through. For example, suppose we are watching a match involving our favorite NBA team, Lakers. Before the match we are going to make some inferences. These inferences will be based on the basis of statistics are more importantly descriptive statistics. For example, to say Lakers is going to win will be based on certain variables that both the Lakers and the opposing team possess. For example, our inferences could be based on the fact that on average, Lakers is scoring more baskets than the opposing team. Simil arly it can be on the basis that the players of Lakers such as Bryant and Gosol are taller than the players of opposing team. It could be any reason based on the variable between the two teams. If we define variable, it is used to define certain characteristics that differ from one person to another or from one entity to another. This is how we can use statistics as tool to make inferences in our daily life and gives us a little idea about how important statistics can be. From the above example, it has become really clear that statistics play vital role in our daily lives. The above example might not affect our lives greatly but think about certain situation where using the techniques of descriptive statistics can make our lives better, if we apply the right techniques to a data and make inferences which might benefit us. Let's now take an example of a company which trades stocks in NYSE. Suppose that the market is bullish and shares prices are rising. This increase could be graphed as the following diagram: Source: http://www.nasdaq.com/ Date: 28 September 2009 The above diagram shows the data of NYSE index on a 28 September 2009. From the above data, we can see that the market has reached peak at 1'o'clock. By the use of descriptive statistics and comparing the data of several days, we may come to a conclusion that NYSE reaches its peak each day at 1'o'clock and can disburse all the investment before 1'o'clock to make huge profits. This will create a motivation for the company to invest in the shares by large amount to maximize its profits. However, suppose that the market has a trend that after reaching a certain point it goes down or loses its value. (Orr, 1995) If this trend line or line of best fit, which is a part of descriptive statistics, is known, it will provide this company comprehendible information about not only the timings and compositions of optimum investment in NYSE, but will also tell the company when to divest from the market, before the market indices start to fall. This is how giant brokers operating New York Stock Exc hange make the use of descri

Transformational Leader Essay Example for Free

Transformational Leader Essay The entire world has been caught up in the events leading up to the 2008 United States Presidential election. The selection of Barack Obama as America’s first African American President, and his highly effective campaign, provides us with a prime example of the power of transformational leadership, and the means by which change occurs. The notion of transformational leadership is not just pertinent, however, to the worlds of politics and the community. It is highly relevant to the corporate world and organizations as well. While Obama’s ethnicity is obviously noteworthy and is a large part of what makes this election so significant, there is another critically important component of this moment which people have a tendency to ignore. It has to do with the transformation that has taken place in the minds of voters in the US and the hearts of people around the world. The change that has occurred is a direct result of the President-elect’s ability to inspire change. He didn’t change the people themselves, which would be impossible. What he did change was the way they see the world and their place in it. Business leaders operate under similar circumstances because they also must engage employees and inspire them to feel a part of an organization. Transformational leadership involves more than charisma and emotion. It involves more than giving good speeches and making people feel good. In his hallmark definition of the term James MacGregor Burns coined the term transformational leadership as â€Å"leaders inducing followers to act for certain goals that represent the values and the motivations the wants and needs, the aspirations and expectations of both leaders and followers.† [Italics original] The leader is not merely wielding power, but appealing to the values of the follower. In this sense, values mean, â€Å"A principle, standard, or quality regarded as worthwhile or desirable,† (Webster’s New Riverside University Dictionary). Burns insists that for leaders to have the greatest impact on the â€Å"led,† they must motivate followers to action by appealing to shared values and by satisfying the higher order needs of the led, such as their aspirations and expectations. He said, â€Å". . . transforming leadership ultimately becomes moral in that it raises the level of human conduct and ethical aspiration of both leader and the led, and thus it has a transforming effect on both.† Change doesn’t just happen. It needs an impetus. Einstein in his Theory of Relativity applied the laws of physics to matter and we can apply this theory to universal behavior. As force is applied to an object in the direction of motion, the object gains momentum and gains energy. President-elect Obama was the force for change; he introduced a new direction that would address the needs as he saw it. In order for the notion of transformational leadership to be relevant, three elements must be present: 1) A Clearly Articulated Vision 2) Statements that Inspire People to Connect; and 3) A Detailed Plan to Execute. 1) A Clearly Articulated Vision The history of the world is replete with examples of charismatic leaders who have led their nations and a cause. The names of Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi, Napoleon Bonaparte Julius Caesar, Mao Tse-tung, Nelson Mandela, Martin Luther King Jr., Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt evoke tremendous feeling. The Industrial Revolution also evokes thoughts regarding the titans of industry like Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, Alexander Graham Bell and JP Morgan who had an incontrovertible and formative impact on that era. The vision that was articulated by the individuals in these two categories, the ability to inspire people to connect and the plans that were executed to make the vision a reality is indisputable. In the present, we may not know the names of all of the transformational leaders who are making change in their sector, but it certainly is happening. Apple, Google, Tata Motors, Carrefour, and Toyota, for example, are having an undeniable global impact on our everyday behavior and interaction. Apple’s iPod, for example, has revolutionized the way we think about listening to music, the way we purchase music, the way we share music, and even the way we define our personal space. The question for business leaders within organizations such as Apple is how to achieve the multiplier effect of this leadership pattern in order to bring about continuous innovation and improvement? How do we replicate this leadership pattern at the department and team level in order to generate change in every sector of an organization? How do we grow transformational leaders so they can rise to the positions of influence to positively impact organizational change? Transformational leadership must occur throughout the organization, not just at the top, in order to bring about the full synergistic effect. For example, when a CEO articulates the vision of a company, it is up to the global presidents and department vice presidents to execute the vision. But they must also be able to communicate that vision in a way which translates into local or regional needs. People must buy into the vision and relate it to â€Å"what’s in it for me.† To the extent that they do this, the overall vision becomes more compelling. This starts the process of aligning the vision and connecting it to local needs and desires. A clearly articulated vision must have in it the elements which point to a better way for dealing with the present and the future. It must provide a context to address the most pressing issues in a manner which is innovative and compelling. Innovative because any change strategy needs to outline what will be different from the status quo. It must be compelling because it must be believable. People must feel that this vision will definitely lead to a better way of doing things. 2) Statements that Inspire People to Connect The most powerful visions also are those which have a few words that are easily understood and restated. This eases the communication process and enables everyone to embrace the vision as their own. In the 21st century a brief statement is marketing sin qua non. In others words, it is essential to excellent communications. As transformational leaders seek to communicate their vision using various venues, they begin to appreciate the marketing challenge of disseminating their message out and ensuring comprehension of their message. In 1964 Marshall McLuhan coined the phrase The medium is the message meaning that the form of a medium embeds itself in the message, creating a symbiotic relationship by which the medium influences how the message is perceived, creating subtle change over time. 21st century transformational leaders ignore the medium at their peril. In order to give a vision the wings it needs to travel, it must Inspire People to Connect. This is when a vision really begins to come alive. It comes alive because people believe that the vision will take them from where they are to where they want to be. In organizations it means that employees can begin to align to a better way of doing their work; reaching their customers or constituencies; and providing the goods and services which will make them more effective, productive and profitable. When people connect on a cognitive and emotional level it begins to move them to action. This action contains the seeds for producing change. Einstein stated that â€Å"no problem can be solved with the same type of thinking that created it†. Inspiring people with a different message gives them an alternative way to approach their challenges. It is this connective element that provides the momentum to a vision and gives it longevity. It is this connective element that enables people to align with each other in a different way to meet their challenges. By connecting with the vision they are also reenergized to act. When we talk about motivation this is where it begins. People are motivated to act and engage differently because they can connect to something new, innovative and inspiring. Obama’s incredibly effective â€Å"Yes We Can† slogan is a great example of how a simple statement can encompass a lofty inspirational theme, yet still pertain to day to day action. The slogan was simple, inspirational, easy to remember, and resonated on a number of levels regardless of one’s unique personal circumstances. Furthermore, Barack Obama and his team revolutionized the way they used the internet to connect their vision to people. They provided a continuous stream of messages via mobile phone, internet, the web and countless other technological mediums in a personalized manner practically every day for two years! You always felt that the vision was on top of mind and that they were speaking directly to you. Every message had your name on it. You didn’t feel you were part of a mass communication campaign. The messages were simple, informative and compelled you to action. Corporate transformational leaders need to embrace these same innovative techniques if they are to connect with the workforce of today. This type of connection or engagement is crucial to attracting and retaining high potential workers. When workers are fully engaged, a noted Gallup study of Oct 2006 indicates, they are more motivated and more productive. Specifically engaged employees work with passion and have a profound connection to their organization. They drive innovation and move their organization forward. Unfortunately, not enough attention is paid to how people connect to a vision. They must go through a process of enrolling with the vision so that they feel it is their own. In essence, a vision connects when people internalize it and say that it is not just someone else’s vision, it is their own. This feeling of ownership is crucial to success. By implementing goal alignment processes, organizations can involve every department in the effort. Individual departments need to know tactically what their role is in contributing to the greater good. They must feel that this vision will definitely enhance their way of performing and interacting. When they have this ownership, then they are motivated to act in different ways. This engagement is directly correlated to employee retention as staff will leave an organization when they can’t get their needs met, and they feel that they don’t identify with the way things are done and with the values or vision of the organization. In short, just having a vision statement will not achieve results. 3) A Detailed Plan to Execute In order to increase the ownership process, one has to move from â€Å"what â€Å"and â€Å"why† to â€Å"how†. Transformation falls short when this is not in place. Invariably many great plans fall apart at the connect points. A critical connecting point is a detailed plan to execute the vision. This begins to complete the circle. It is no surprise that when you have a wonderfully articulated vision, people will then want to see how it works. For many, this is the litmus test of whether the vision is a good one or bad one! Consequently, transformational leaders must help people understand that their vision is just the starting point. They must articulate the complete process that individuals must go through to make true change a reality. During the transition period, it is easy for people to get discouraged because the path to a new future can be difficult to see and follow at times. There must be constant communication and education along the way to keep people focused on the goal. The vision becomes a compass leading people through the turbulent times. Conclusion Indeed change can happen in any organization when there are transformational leaders who clearly articulate the vision; inspire people to connect to the vision and detail the plans in order to achieve the vision. It is this type of leadership that will bring about true innovation, productivity and employee satisfaction as organizations strive to be relevant on a global basis. The success of the Obama campaign was not magic. It relied on a disciplined approach articulating the vision, inspiring people to connect to it, along with a plan of execution. This same pattern can be duplicated in the business world on an organization-wide level. And if done correctly, it can yield awesome results from the entry level to the corporate suites. The challenges in front of us demand no less. Turning middle managers into transformational leadersIn these turbulent times, nearly every organization is facing the need to transform to survive or thrive.The concept of Transformational Leadership (TL), which plays a direct role in creating change, establishing a vision, and giving confidence to employees to explore new directions, therefore becomes popular once again in management development.By Uwe Napiersky, Business Psychologist Learning Architect, PhD.The transformational leaders Undergoing such development empowers an organization to greatly exceed previous levels of accomplishment. The transformational leaders are able to challenge and motivate an entire organisation – top to bottom. They care about people and want people to succeed. Th e result is individual, group, and organizational achievement and morale. Many organisations consider the transformational approach of leadership as a revitalisation to increase competitiveness, sustain growth and to develop their talents further (remember the war for talent hasn’t stopped!).Instead of exercising formal authority and power over others resulting from a manager’s formal position in the hierarchy, empowering and enabling people is a key behaviour. The approach represents positive values like quality, performance, respect and fairness.To create a culture of high performance, where everyone in the  organisation is consistently working together to improve performance, not only top management needs to exercise transformational behaviour, but the middle management does as well. Leadership needs to be demonstrated at times by everyone in the organisation. How can middle Managers develop Transformational Leadership? 1. A change of mindset 2. Development of new (transformational) behaviours 3. Three fundamentals for the design of a transformation process in the organization. 1. A change of mindsetFrom organizing work and â€Å"doing things right† to motivating, inspiring and coaching Typically technical professionals, with e. g. engineering, IT, finance or scientific background are promoted to positions in middle management. Entry and middle management roles mainly consist of task oriented behaviours like planning budgets, setting priorities, controlling and solving problems etc. which are often summarized as â€Å"doing things right†; This is known as a â€Å"transactional† management mindset.This kind of management is necessary for the every day functioning of the business but does not bring about change or major innovation. To use a popular expression, it is good in â€Å"rearranging the deck chairs of the Titanic, but can’t keep the ship from sinking†.To increase personal impact, a person has to shift his/her mindset (and subsequently behaviour) towards influence oriented behaviour, relationship trust building skil ls, combined with caring to sustain a motivational environment, which inspires and empowers.The manager needs to shift his/her mindset radically, by perceiving his/her role as focusing on people, their dreams, development needs and emotions; rather than primarily managing tasks and planning. 2. Development of new (transformational) behaviour: A – Openness to feedback, via 360 degree feedback data A 360 degree feedback tool provides a structured approach to self discovery and a process of understanding yourself which creates awareness about your strengths and areas for development. B – Coaching subordinates Coaching and facilitating subordinates to develop their strengths and work on their development needs enables both the acceptance and understanding of feedback as well as the commitment and relevant action plan steps and practicing of new behaviours.Coaching can be done in one to one sessions, in teams or with peers. It is essential to work on real life/business situations and how to translate theory into manageable relevant action steps.Developing openness to feedback and coaching skills  and behaviours can build confidence, openness and ability for the participant to deal positively with the challenges to exercise new behaviours like motivating and coaching others. C – The understanding, commitment and endorsement of the top management to the objective of a transformational leadership process The implementation of TL via training programmes will not be effective unless part of its objectives and design principles are coherent with what TL is really about. The commitment of all stakeholders is necessary for the success of the training programs (trainers, participants (managers), their bosses, senior management, CEO of the firm) and is a critical success factor to make TL work!Senior management will need to facilitate and nurture a culture of transformational leadership, and to be ready to become mentors who will assist the new managers to develop their own self-confidence to lead change, their own skills set as well as develop the self-concept that allows the transformation from a manager to a leader. 3. Three fundamentals for the design of a transformation process: A – Start by stopping to work with purely cognitive models of change It’s a process and not a 2-day course! And a successful process will not be mastered only on a cognitive level; it has to be exercised on a behavioural level too. Therefore it needs a safe space for learning, reflecting and experimenting. To develop TL means that intentional effort must be made to adopt a transformational style.The process of the self transformation and a learning journey for middle managers mostly starts with understanding ones own personal visions, values and how to manage the developmental process. B – Behaviour change takes more than a good theory and good explanations It needs self awareness and behaviour change interventions. In particular, it needs self directed learning and motivation to challenge oneself in a field which is mostly new for most middle managers with a technical background.The transition for a transactional manager into a transformational leader requires time to learn a new skill set, demonstrate new behaviours and embrace a new mindset. The appropriate understanding of how to apply TL is not about some things you do with your employees, it is the positive stimulating relationship with your employee. C – Include a systematic approach of Monitoring Either include existing instruments for measuring the impact of TL or they can be developed – tailor made – to the specific needs of the organisation. The evaluation methods and  tools provide information about individual and organisational processes as well as the impact on business results. Conclusions * Create an integrated and flexible process design * Build positive dynamic for middle management

The Message The Book Of Romans Theology Religion Essay

The Message The Book Of Romans Theology Religion Essay As evident in all other epistles written by Paul to the churches, in his epistle to the roman his aim was to proclaim the glory of the Lord Jesus Christ by teaching doctrine and edify and encourage the believers who would receive his letter. Particularly, to all the brethrens who were loved by God and called to be saints according to Roman 1:7, and of course because he himself was a Roman citizen, he had a unique passion for those in the assembly of believers in Rome. Since he had not, to this point, visited the church in Rome, this letter also served as his introduction to them. One of the key verses of the letter is found in Roman 1:16 I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes, first for the Jew, then for the Gentile. THE MESSAGE The Book of Romans is primarily a work of doctrine and can be divided into four sections: righteousness needed, 1:18-3:20; righteousness provided, 3:21-8:39; righteousness vindicated, 9:1-11:36; righteousness practiced, 12:1-15:13. The main theme of this letter is obvious of course righteousness. Guided by the Holy Spirit, Paul first condemns all men of their sinfulness. He expresses his desire to preach the truth of Gods Word to those in Rome. It was his hope to have assurance they were staying on the right path. He strongly points out that he is not ashamed of the gospel (Romans 1:16), because it is the power by which everyone is saved. The Book of Romans tells us about God, who He is and what He has done. It tells us of Jesus Christ, what His death accomplished. It tells us about ourselves, what we were like without Christ and who we are after trusting in Christ. Paul points out that God did not demand men have their lives straightened out before coming to Christ. While we were still sinners Christ died on a cross for our sins. 1 Corinthian PURPOSE The apostle Paul founded the church in Corinth. A few years after leaving the church, the apostle Paul heard some disturbing reports about the Corinthian church. They were full of pride and were excusing sexual immorality. Spiritual gifts were being used improperly, and there was rampant misunderstanding of key Christian doctrines. The apostle Paul wrote his first letter to the Corinthians in an attempt to restore the Corinthian church to its foundation Jesus Christ. MESSAGE The Corinthian church was plagued by divisions. The believers in Corinth were dividing into groups loyal to certain spiritual leaders (1 Corinthians 1:12;3:1-6). Paul exhorted the Corinthian believers to be united because of devotion to Christ (1 Corinthians 3:21-23). Many in the church were essentially approving of an immoral relationship (1 Corinthians 5:1-2). Paul commanded them to expel the wicked man from the church (1 Corinthians 5:13). The Corinthian believers were taking each other to court (1 Corinthians 6:1-2). Paul taught the Corinthians that it would be better to be taken advantage of than to damage their Christian testimony. Paul gave the Corinthian church instructions on marriage and celibacy (chapter 7), food sacrificed to idols (chapters 8 and 10), Christian freedom (chapter 9), the veiling of women(1 Corinthians 11:1-16), the Lords Supper (1 Corinthians 11:17-34), spiritual gifts (chapters 12-14), and the resurrection (chapter 15). Paul organized the book of 1 Corinthians by answering questions the Corinthian believers had asked him and by responding to improper conduct and erroneous beliefs they had accepted. Paul uses the story of the Israelites wandering in the wilderness to illustrate to the Corinthian believers the folly of the misuse of freedom and the danger of overconfidence. Paul warned the Corinthians about their lack of self-discipline in 1 Corinthians 9:24-27. He goes on to describe the Israelites who, despite seeing Gods miracles and care for them, the parting of the Red Sea, the miraculous provision of manna from heaven and water from a rock, they misused their freedom, rebelled against God, and fell into immorality and idolatry. Paul exhorts the Corinthian church to note the example of the Israelites and avoid lusts and sexual immorality and putting Christ to the test and complaining. 2 Corinthian PURPOSE In his second letter to the Corinthians, Paul expresses his relief and joy that the Corinthians had received his severe letter now lost in a positive manner. That letter addressed issues that were tearing the church apart, primarily the arrival of self-styled false apostle who were assaulting Pauls character, sowing discord among the believers, and teaching false doctrine. THE MESSAGE Paul explains the nature of his ministry. Triumph through Christ and sincerity in the sight of God were the hallmarks of his ministry to the churches. He compares the glorious ministry of the righteousness of Christ to the ministry of condemnation which is the law and declares his faith in the validity of his ministry in spite of intense persecution. Chapter 5 outlines the basis of the Christian faith the new nature (v. 17) and the exchange of our sin for the righteousness of Christ (v. 21). Furthermore, Chapters 6 and 7 find Paul defending himself and his ministry, assuring the Corinthians yet again of his sincere love for them and exhorting them to repentance and holy living. In chapters 8 and 9, Paul exhorts the believers at Corinth to follow the examples of the brothers in Macedonia and extend generosity to the saints in need. He teaches them the principles and rewards of gracious giving. Paul ends his letter by reiterating his authority among them (chapter 10) and concern for their faithfulness to him in the face of fierce opposition from false apostles. He calls himself a fool for having to reluctantly boast of his qualifications and his suffering for Christ in chapter 11. He ends his epistle by describing the vision of heaven he was allowed to experience and the thorn in the flesh he was given by God to ensure his humility (chapter 12). The last chapter contains his exhortation to the Corinthians to examine themselves to see whether what they profess is reality, and ends with a benediction of love and peace. Galatians PURPOSE The churches in Galatia were formed partly of converted Jews and partly of Gentile converts, as was generally the case. Paul asserts his apostolic character and the doctrines he taught, that he might confirm the Galatians churches in the faith of Christ, especially with respect to the important point of justification by faith alone. Thus the subject is mainly the same as that which is discussed in the Epistle to the Romans, that is, justification by faith alone. In this epistle, however, attention is particularly directed to the point that men are justified by faith without the works of the Law of Moses. MESSAGE Galatians was not written as an essay in contemporary history. It was a protest against corruption of the gospel of Christ. The essential truth of justification by faith rather than by the works of the law had been obscured by the Judaizers insistence that believers in Christ must keep the law if they expected to be perfect before God. When Paul learned that this teaching had begun to penetrate the Galatians churches and that it had alienated them from their heritage of liberty, he wrote the impassioned remonstrance contained in this epistle. Paul appealed to the Galatians to stand fast in their freedom, and not get entangled again with a yoke of bondage (that is, the Mosaic law) (Galatians 5:1). Christian freedom is not an excuse to gratify ones lower nature rather, it is an opportunity to love one another (Galatians 5:13;6:7-10). He stresses further that such freedom does not insulate one from lifes struggles. Indeed, it may intensify the battle between the Spirit and the flesh. Nevertheless, the flesh (the lower nature) has been crucified with Christ (Galatians 2:20); and, as a consequence, the Spirit will bear His fruit such as love, joy, and peace in the life of the believer (Galatians 5:22-23). The letter to the Galatians was written in a spirit of inspired agitation. For Paul, the issue was not whether a person was circumcised, but whether he had become a new creation (Galatians 6:15). If Paul had not been successful in his argument for justification by faith alone, Christianity would have remained a sect within Judaism, rather than becoming the universal way of salvation. Galatians, therefore, is not only Luthers epistle; it is the epistle of every believer who confesses with Paul, I have been crucified with Christ; it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me (Galatians 2:20). The books of James and Galatians illustrate two aspects of Christianity that from the very beginning have seemed to be in conflict, though in reality they are supplementary. James insists on the ethic of Christ, a demand that faith prove its existence by its fruits. Nevertheless, James, no less than Paul, emphasizes the need of the transformation of the individual by the grace of God (James 1:18). Galatians stresses the dynamic of the gospel that produces ethic (Galatians 3:13-14). Nor was Paul less concerned than James about the ethical life (Galatians 5:13). Like the two sides of a coin, these two aspects of Christian truth must always accompany each other. Ephesians PURPOSE Paul intended that all who long for Christ-like maturity would receive this writing. Enclosed within the Book of Ephesians is the discipline needed to develop into true children of God. Furthermore, a study in Ephesians will help to fortify and to establish the believer so he can fulfil the purpose and calling God has given. The aim of this epistle is to confirm and to equip a maturing church. It presents a balanced view of the body of Christ and its importance in Gods economy. MESSAGE Doctrine occupies the greatest portion of the Book of Ephesians. Half of the teaching in this epistle relates to our standing in Christ, and the remainder of it affects our condition. All too often those who teach from this book bypass all the foundational instruction and go directly to the closing chapter. It is this chapter that emphasizes the warfare or the struggle of the saints. However, to benefit fully from the contents of this epistle, one must begin at the beginning of Pauls instruction in this letter. First, as followers of Christ, we must fully understand who God declares us to be. We must also become grounded in the knowledge of Gods accomplishment for all humanity. Next, our present existence and walk must become exercised and strengthened. This must continue until we no longer totter or stagger back and forth with every spirit of teaching and subtlety of men. Pauls writing breaks down into three main segments. (1) Chapters one through three introduce principles with respect to Gods accomplishment. (2) Chapters four and five put forth principles regarding our present existence. (3) Chapter six presents principles concerning our daily struggle. Philippians PURPOSE The Epistle to the Philippians, one of Pauls prison epistles, was written in Rome. It was at Philippi, which the apostle visited on his second missionary journey (Acts 16:12), that Lydia and the Philippians jailer and his family were converted to Christ. Now, some few years later, the church was well established, as may be inferred from its address which includes bishops (elders) and deacons (Philippians 1:1). MESSAGE Philippians can be called Resources Through Suffering. The book is about Christ in our life, Christ in our mind, Christ as our goal, Christ as our strength, and joy through suffering. It was written during Pauls imprisonment in Rome, about thirty years after Christs ascension and about ten years after Paul first preached at Philippi. Paul was Neros prisoner, yet the epistle fairly shouts with triumph, the words joy and rejoice appearing frequently (Philippians 1:4, ,28;Philippians 3:1,4:1,4,10). Right Christian experience is the outworking, whatever our circumstances may be, of the life, nature, and mind of Christ living in us (Philippians 1:6,11;2:5,13). Philippians reaches its pinnacle at 2:5-11 with the glorious and profound declaration regarding the humiliation and exaltation of our Lord Jesus Christ. Colossian PURPOSE The Book of Colossians is a mini-ethics course, addressing every area of Christian life. Paul progresses from the individual life to the home and family, from work to the way we should treat others. The theme of this book is the sufficiency of our Lord, Jesus Christ, in meeting our needs in every area. MESSAGE Colossians was written explicitly to defeat the heresy that had arisen in Colosse, which endangered the existence of the church. While we do not know what was told to Paul, this letter is his response. We can surmise based on Pauls response that he was dealing with a defective view of Christ denying His real and true humanity and not accepting His full deity. Paul appears also to dispute the Jewish emphasis on circumcision and traditions (Colossians 2:8-11;3:11). The heresy addressed appears to be either a Jewish-Gnosticism or a mix between Jewish asceticism and Greek philosophy. He does a remarkable job in pointing us to the sufficiency of Christ. The Book of Colossians contains doctrinal instruction about the deity of Christ and false philosophies (1:15-2:23), as well as practical exhortations regarding Christian conduct, including friends and speech (3:1-4:18). As with all the early churches, the issue of Jewish legalism in Colosse was of great concern to Paul. So radical was the concept of salvation by grace apart from works that those steeped in Old Testament law found it very difficult to grasp. Consequently, there was a continual movement among the legalists to add certain requirements from the law to this new faith. 1 Thessalonians PURPOSE In the church of Thessalonica there were some misunderstandings about the return of Christ. Paul desired to clear them up in his letter. He also writes it as an instruction in holy living. MESSAGE The first three chapters are about Paul longing to visit the church in Thessalonica but not being able to because Satan stopped them (1 Thessalonians 2:18), and how Paul cared for them and was encouraged to hear how they had been. Paul then prays for them (1 Thessalonians 3:11-13). In chapter 4, Paul is instructing the believers in Thessalonica on how to live, in Christ Jesus, a holy life (1 Thessalonians 4:1-12). Paul goes on to instruct them of a misconception they had. He tells them that the people who have died in Christ Jesus will also go to heaven when He comes back (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18,5:1-11). The book ends with final instructions of living the Christian life. Paul reminds the Thessalonians that the persecution they were receiving from their own countrymen (v. 2:15), the Jews who rejected their Messiah, is the same that the Old Testament prophets suffered (Jeremiah 2:30;Matthew 23:31). Jesus warned that true prophets of God would always be opposed by the unrighteous (Luke 11:49). In Colossians, Paul reminds them of that truth. 2 Thessalonians PURPOSE The church in Thessalonica still had some misconceptions about the Day of the Lord. They thought it had come already so they stopped with their work. They were being persecuted badly. Paul wrote to clear up misconceptions and to comfort them. MESSAGE Paul greets the church at Thessalonica and encourages and exhorts them. He commends them for what he hears they are doing in the Lord, and he prays for them (2 Thessalonians 1:11-12). In chapter 2, Paul explains what will happen in the Day of the Lord (2 Thessalonians 2:1-12). Paul then encourages them to stand firm and instructs them to keep away from idle men who dont live by the gospel. 1Timothy PURPOSE Paul wrote to Timothy to encourage him in his responsibility for overseeing the work of the Ephesians church and possibly the other churches in the province of Asia (1 Timothy 1:3).  This letter lays the foundation for ordaining elders (1 Timothy 3:1-7), and provides guidance for ordaining people into offices of the church (1 Timothy 3:8-13).  In essence, 1 Timothy is a leadership manual for church organization and administration. MESSAGE This is the first letter Paul wrote to Timothy, a young pastor who had been a help to Paul in his work. Timothy was a Greek. His mother was a Jewess and his father was Greek. Paul was more than just a mentor and leader to Timothy, he was like a father to him, and Timothy was like a son to Paul (1 Timothy 1:2). Paul begins the letter by urging Timothy to be on guard for false teachers and false doctrine. However, much of the letter deals with pastoral conduct. Paul instructs Timothy in worship (chapter 2) and developing mature leaders for the church (chapter 3). Most of the letter deals with pastoral conduct, warnings about false teachers, and the churchs responsibility toward single members, widows, elders, and slaves. All throughout the letter, Paul encourages Timothy to stand firm, to persevere, and to remain true to his calling. 2 Timothy PURPOSE The Book of 2 Timothy is essentially Pauls last words. Paul looked past his own circumstances to express concern for the churches and specifically for Timothy. Paul wanted to use his last words to encourage Timothy, and all other believers, to persevere in faith (2 Timothy 3:14) and proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ (2 Timothy 4:2). MESSAGE Paul encourages Timothy to remain passionate for Christ and to remain firm in sound doctrine (2 Timothy 1:1-2,13-14). Paul reminds Timothy to avoid ungodly beliefs and practices and to flee from anything immoral (2 Timothy 2:14-26). In the end times there will be both intense persecution and apostasy from the Christian faith (2 Timothy 3:1-17). Paul closes with an intense plea for believers to stand firm in the faith and to finish the race strong (2 Timothy 4:1-8). Titus PURPOSE The Epistle to Titus is known as one of the Pastoral Epistles as are the two letters to Timothy. This epistle was written by the apostle Paul to encourage his brother in the faith, Titus, whom he had left in Crete to lead the church which Paul had established on one of his missionary journeys (Titus 1:5). This letter advises Titus regarding what qualifications to look for in leaders for the church. He also warns Titus of the reputations of those living on the island of Crete (Titus 1:12). MESSAGE How wonderful it must have been when Titus received a letter from his mentor, the apostle Paul. Paul was a much-honoured man and rightly so, after establishing several churches throughout the eastern world. This famous introduction from the apostle would have been read by Titus: To Titus, my true son in our common faith: Grace and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Saviour (Titus 1:4). The island of Crete where Titus was left by Paul to lead the church was inhabited by natives of the island and Jews who did not know the truth of Jesus Christ (Titus 1:12-14). Paul felt it to be his responsibility to follow through with Titus to instruct and encourage him in developing leaders within the church at Crete. As the apostle Paul directed Titus in his search for leaders, Paul also suggested how Titus would instruct the leaders so that they could grow in their faith in Christ. His instructions included those for both men and women of all ages (Titus 2:1-8). Philemon PURPOSE The letter to Philemon is the shortest of all Pauls writings and deals with the practice of slavery. The letter suggests that Paul was in prison at the time of the writing. Philemon was a slave owner who also hosted a church in his home. During the time of Pauls ministry in Ephesus, Philemon had likely journeyed to the city, heard Pauls preaching and became a Christian. The slave Onesimus robbed his master, Philemon, and ran away, making his way to Rome and to Paul. Onesimus was still the property of Philemon, and Paul wrote to smooth the way for his return to his master. Through Pauls witnessing to him, Onesimus had become a Christian (Philemon 10) and Paul wanted Philemon to accept Onesimus as a brother in Christ and not merely as a slave. MESSAGE Paul had warned slave owners that they had a responsibility towards their slaves and showed slaves as responsible moral beings who were to fear God. In Philemon, Paul did not condemn slavery, but he presented Onesimus as a Christian brother instead of a slave. When an owner can refer to a slave as a brother, the slave has reached a position in which the legal title of slave is meaningless. The early church did not attack slavery directly but it laid the foundation for a new relationship between owner and slave. Paul attempted to unite both Philemon and Onesimus with Christian love so that emancipation would become necessary. Only after exposure to the light of the gospel could the institution of slavery die.

Philosophy of Education: Herbert Marcuse

Philosophy of Education: Herbert Marcuse Joseph Cunningham Praxis Exiled: Herbert Marcuse and the One Dimensional University,  Journal of Philosophy of Education Vol 47 No 4 2013 Cunninghams exploration of Herbert Marcuse positions him at the centre of the revolutionary student movements of the 1960s. Higher education could at that time be seen as a place which was shielded to some extent from the pacifying tendencies within advanced capitalist labour. Of all the theories which emerged out of the influential Frankfurt School, Marcuses was perhaps the one theory which could more easily beapplied in practice because it narrowed Marxist critique to analyse the extent to which advanced capitalisms influence penetrated inwardly. Cunningham encapsulates this by stating, gendered rhetoric aside, One Dimensional Man, is about you and your life. However, Cunningham argues that it was never Marcuses intention to develop his theory, whilst navel gazing inside an ivory tower. Rather critical theory in education should move students to pierce through the institutional walls and function as actualised praxis, the congruence of theory and action. Cunningham uses Marcuses own words from 1968, By its own inner dynamic, education thus leads beyond the classroom, beyond the university, into the political dimension and in to the moral, instinctual dimension (his italics). An inner revolution is a precursor to outer revolution and dialectical critique is the key to the liberation which will nurture that inner revolution. Marcuse looked beyond labour itself to find the causes of what he thought was creating a one dimensional society: he argued that technology, the media and a converging standardisation of values coupled with an unending stream of must have commodities combine to attack an individuals authenticity. Reason is usurped by technological rationality and our critical senses are dulled, making us, as Marcuse argued, disinterested in or even hostile to dissent. Cunningham carefully traces how the ripe revolutionary potential of the 1960s has come under the control of capital, as Marcuse predicted might be the case. I can see how the growing corporatisation of higher education, of which Marcuse was aware in 1960, has indeed spread tentacles across the sector. The perceived waste of human capital in the liberal arts has been either recycled into more useful courses or disposed of. Cunninghams view is that, as Marcuse predicted, the drive to develop online education can arguably be seen as another route to seal the packaging of educational content as a product for students as consumers, so much so that the consumer and campus culture are indistinguishable. The halcyon days of free education have been replaced by a narrowing of access due to lack of means. Cunninghams conclusion is bleak but understandable: even though critical theory is still taught, it is largely devoid of praxis and often delivered online in digitally standardised curricula. Marcuse would find it empty of the dynamic which he felt it had the potential to bring to student life. Like Marcuse, however, Cunningham sees some evidence of counterculture: citing the Occupy Movement as one candle in the darkness of the pervasive atmosphere which is antithetical to critical thought. Self-exile beckons for those who, like Marcuse before them, seek to step outside to look within with fresh eyes. There are indicators everywhere we look of the dominant capitalist culture which makes us so wrapped up in our daily existence and desire for material goods that we fail to see the possibility of any other existence. Indeed, we are led to crave the same dimension. Marcuses One Dimension flattens our capacity for imagining another kind of existence and suppresses our instinctive desires. Whether it is the subliminal appeal of an advertising jingle or the promise of a higher salary if we put all our energies into STEM, we are persuaded that our present should be used to build our future. However the vision is as narrow as a tunnel. The light at the end is that of unexamined material prosperity: there are few unexpected rays lighting the corners of our imagination to help us to reach out to change our perspective. After all, evidence of a different light source might encourage us to look for another way out. Word count: 663 References Brookfield, S. (2005). The Power of Critical Thinking for Adult Learning and Teaching. Maidenhead: OUP. Graham, A. (n.d.). Liberation Powerpoint Class notes Jan 2017. WIT. Marcuse. (1967). Liberation from the Affluent Society (1967) . Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQLpqno6J_g Accessed 14/12/2106

Exploring New Waters Essay -- American Expansion History

Forty years ago, Neil Armstrong landed on the moon on July 20, 1969, opening a gateway of possibilities. It was the beginning of a new age of exploration. After Neil Armstrong’s landing, the US spent forty more years on space exploration. This lead to the US spending billions of tax payers dollars on satellites, visits to Mars and the Moon, and launching numerous rockets into space. However, recently the US has been forced to focus on other issues such as national security, depleting economy, and many others. With all of these issues happening at once, the US is having trouble figuring out how much funding should be put into programs like NASA. Although these issues are important, we must not sacrifice our knowledge for exploration in exchange for only national issues. Instead we have to â€Å"deal with the reality of world events,† and â€Å"we should not let terrorism set the agenda. H. G. Wells said many years ago that "human history becomes more and more a race bet ween education and catastrophe" (Dick). As a nation we must take care of our country but we almost expand our knowledge. Like the early explorers, the actions of today’s explorers will influence the next generation as we continue to explore the final frontier. From 1405-1433, Commander Zheng He explored the ocean representing the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) of China. Sailing across the Indian Ocean he traveled across East Africa, Makkah, and the Persian Gulf. During his voyages he traded with the foreigners and brought back giraffes, lions, ostriches and leopards for the Chinese emperor in exchange for stones, ivory and dyestuffs. Zheng He’s journeys in China increased China’s resources, foreign affairs, and military power. However after his death in the year 1433, the Chines... ...d Davis, Rebecca Harding. Life in the Iron Mills. New York: The Feminist Press at The City University of New York Dick, Steven J. â€Å"The Importance of Exploration.† NASA. 22 November, 2007. 18 October, 2009 â€Å"Famous Chinese Explorers: Zheng He.† Ancient China. 2009. 18 October, 2009. Kinzer, Stephen. Overthrow. New York: Times Books. Mel-O-Toons: Christopher Columbus. Youtube. Youtube.1960. Web. 18 October, 2009. Poirot. â€Å"Zheng He and Ming China: The Lone Mariner and His Times.† All Empires Online History Community. 2009. 18 October, 2009. Rosenberg, Jennifer. â€Å"1900-Boxer Rebellion.† About.com. 2009. 29 October, 2009. Standard, David E. American Holocaust. New York: Oxford University Press. 1992 Zheng He. Youtube, Youtube, 1 June, 2007. Web. 18 October, 2009. â€Å"Zheng He (1371-1433), the Chinese Muslim Admiral.† Islam for Today. 2009.18 October, 2009

Acid Rain :: essays research papers fc

Acid Rain INTRODUCTION: Acid rain is a great problem in our world. It causes fish and plants to die in our waters. As well it causes harm to our own race as well, because we eat these fish, drink this water and eat these plants. It is a problem that we must all face together and try to get rid of. However acid rain on it's own is not the biggest problem. It cause many other problems such as aluminum poisoning. Acid Rain is deadly. WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Acid rain is all the rain, snow, mist etc that falls from the sky onto our planet that contains an unnatural acidic. It is not to be confused with uncontaminated rain that falls, for that rain is naturally slightly acidic. It is caused by today's industry. When products are manufactured many chemicals are used to create it. However because of the difficulty and cost of properly disposing of these products they are often emitted into the atmosphere with little or no treatment. The term was first considered to be important about 20 years ago when scientists in Sweden and Norway first believed that acidic rain may be causing great ecological damage to the planet. The problem was that by the time that the scientist found the problem it was already very large. Detecting an acid lake is often quite difficult. A lake does not become acid over night. It happens over a period of many years, some times decades. The changes are usually to gradual for them to be noticed early. At the beginning of the 20th century most rivers/lakes like the river Tovdal in Norway had not yet begun to die. However by 1926 local inspectors were noticing that many of the lakes were beginning to show signs of death. Fish were found dead along the banks of many rivers. As the winters ice began to melt off more and more hundreds upon hundreds more dead fish (trout in particular) were being found. It was at this time that scientist began to search for the reason. As the scientists continued to work they found many piles of dead fish, up to 5000 in one pile, further up the river. Divers were sent in to examine the bottom of the rivers. What they found were many more dead fish. Many live and dead specimens were taken back to labs across Norway. When the live specimens were examined they were found to have very little sodium in their blood. This is typical a typical symptom of acid poisoning. The acid had entered the gills of

Macbeth is Solely to Blame for his Demise :: William Shakespeare

The play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, is a tragedy of the rise and fall of a power-hungry solider named Macbeth. Macbeth's gluttony, pride, and ambitions led him to turn into an unstable, callous man who would stop at nothing just to gain power. His greed to achieve more power resulted in the merciless killings of his king, best friend, and other innocent citizens. Eventually, the guilt of the deeds he was committing manifested itself in the form of hallucinations which contributed to the downfall of his supremacy. With him being weak enough to succumb to his wife's thirst of power, and being the one to physically kill Duncan, which makes him solely responsible for the chain of disarray that unfolded throughout the play. At first, Macbeth is introduced as a courageous, valiant soldier, who does so well fighting in war that he is honored with the title of the Thane of Glamis by King Duncan. On his way home, Macbeth encounters three witches who tell him that he will become king. It is at this point that he first considers murdering Duncan so that the prophecy can be fulfilled ?My thoughts, whose murder yet is but fantastical? (I,2,151). This thought was the beginning of a chain of events that would soon lead to his demise. Although he does reconsider murder and decides to leave his future to chance, until, of course, his wife convinces him otherwise. When Macbeth tells Lady Macbeth about how will become king he just adds to her overly ambitious attitude so much to the point that she convinces him to go murder. If he had not told her and just put himself in the hands of fate, it?s possible that Macbeth still would have become king without causing the death of the people who cared for him. It is arguable that Lady Macbeth could be the one to blame for the outcome of the play because she persuades Macbeth to murder Duncan, but it was not her who gave Macbeth the daggers, she didn?t lay a hand on Duncan. Moreover, it was Macbeth who killed the guards that he and Lady Macbeth planned to accuse of the murder. The fact of the matter is Macbeth had the free will to choose to avoid everything he got himself into. After the killing of Duncan, Macbeth is becomes king, but his mind wrought with guilt which causes uneasiness and hallucinations.

Knowledge work productivity Essay

The road to an organization’s success depends on the PEOPLE. In Peter Drucker’s writings, there was always a part on people and how they can CONTRIBUTE. Before the internet and social media congested world of today; Drucker noticed how people behaved with their work duties. Whether it was putting a tire on a car; talking strategy on how to move the business forward or volunteers interacting with each other at a non-profit, Drucker soon realized that successful organizations have the foundation of great people. People grow organizations together. From the beginning straight to the end; it is the people who decide how far they want to take their organization. Knowledge work defines our society today. With the dominance of social media, the expanding internet, and the powerhouses of technology; the possibilities of knowledge are endless. Educators are beginning to orient themselves towards teaching through technology, whether that is tablets in the school classroom or universities providing entire courses online. Physical labor still exists; however, the high level of knowledge that is needed still persists. Our society today depends on people working with their minds; a reality that Peter Drucker was envisioning over fifty years ago. The organizations that use knowledge work effectively empower and trust their people to have the freedom to share their ideas. Executives and managers work together to align people’s ideas to the mission; as well as create a sense of belonging to each that works there. Management is always about the people first. A manager needs to create an environment where people are comfortable working together and in tandem, and resist the urge to create individual silos. Everyone wants to do great things for their organization; it is up to management to foster that environment of collaboration and teamwork and align the team to the company’s mission and goals. People will always be the structure of any organization. When the structure is strong; the support of more is there. When one feels empowered to use their passion and knowledge to be successful; the winning formula begins to develop, and all it takes is to empower that person to be their best. The author of 39 books during his long career, and counselor to titans of business and rulers of nations, Drucker championed the powers of observation, often formulating simple ideas that triggered startling results. The Practice of Management (1954) and The Effective Executive (1966) are considered his landmark works. Part of Drucker’s genius lay in his ability to find patterns among seemingly unconnected disciplines. â€Å"The most important thing in communication is to hear what isn’t being said,† he once said. The magazine called Drucker’s teachings â€Å"a blueprint for every thinking leader,† noting that Drucker taught generations of managers the importance of picking the best people, of focusing on opportunities and not problems, of getting on the same side of the desk as their customer, of the need to understand their competitive advantages and to continue to refine them (listening-and-learning approach) Drucker called himself a â€Å"social ecologist,† a close observer of the way humans are organized across all sectors—in business, but also in government and in the nonprofit world. â€Å"None of my books or ideas means anything to me in the long run,† he said. â€Å"What are theories? Nothing. The only thing that matters is how you touch people. Have I given anyone insight? That’s what I want to have done. Insight lasts; theories don’t. And even insight decays into small details, which is how it should be. A few details that have meaning in one’s life are important.† Drucker’s track record is impressive, as BusinessWeek succinctly summarized upon his death in 2005. Among his accomplishments: –He introduced the idea of decentralization—in the 1940s—which became a bedrock principle for virtually every large organization in the world. –He was the first to assert—in the 1950s—that workers should be treated as assets, not as liabilities to be eliminated. –He originated the view of the corporation as a human community—again, in the 1950s—built on trust and respect for the worker and not just a profit-making machine, a perspective that won Drucker an almost godlike reverence among the Japanese. –He first made clear—still the ’50s—that there is â€Å"no business without a customer,† a simple notion that ushered in a new marketing mindset. –He argued in the 1960s—long before others—for the importance of substance over style, for institutionalized practices over charismatic, cult leaders. –He wrote about the contribution of knowledge workers—in the 1970s—long before anyone knew or understood how knowledge would trump raw material as the essential capital of the New Economy. As he aged, Drucker appeared to assume more gravitas, slowing his speech, projecting a more authoritative presence, allowing his audience to hang on his words. He expressed dismay with the greed and self-interest that pervaded corporate America in his later years, shifting his focus to nonprofits. In writings and speeches during the 1980s, Drucker emerged as one of corporate America’s most important critics, preaching against reckless mergers and acquisitions. He warned that CEO pay had rocketed out of control and implored boards to hold CEO compensation to no more than 20 times what the rank and file made. In The Definitive Drucker: Challenges for Tomorrow’s Executives—Final Advice from the Father of Modern Management (2007), author Elizabeth Haas Edersheim wrote, â€Å"Peter’s ideas were the catalyst that freed people to pursue opportunities they had never expected to have. He liberated people by asking them questions and eliciting a vision that just felt right. He liberated people by getting them to challenge their own assumptions. He liberated people by raising their awareness of, and their faith in, things they knew intuitively. He liberated people by forcing them to think. He liberated people by talking to them. He liberated people by getting them to ask the right questions.† The Business of Listening Why should you care about listening skills? Most of us have developed as business people in organizational cultures that emphasize the persuasiveness of the speaker. We’ve spent countless hours, and a great deal of money, attending to our appearance, business dress, body language, facial expression, selection of language, tone of voice, charts, graphs, and on and on. The importance of those factors is not denied. However, they’re not the only factors influencing communication. And are they powerful enough, when we’re trying to get the best from a diverse group of people, build a customer-focused organization, or influence those who disagree with us? As Kenneth R. Johnson, said in his book, Effective Listening Skills, â€Å"Listening effectively to others can be the most fundamental and powerful communication tool of all. When someone is willing to stop talking or thinking and begin truly listening to others, all of their interactions become easier, and communication problems are all but eliminated.† Understanding others, results in them understanding you Consciously cultivating your listening skills helps you understand the many difficulties affecting other people. You become better at being heard and understood. Use your human resources better Improving your listening skills helps you more fully use the diverse knowledge, wisdom, energy and enthusiasm of the people you deal with. Get more out of face-to-face interaction Maximize the value of your live, non-electronic, conversations. Face-to-face interaction still influences the quality of your business relationships and meetings more than any other factor. Gain depth and intimacy You engage more deeply and intimately with your people, your teams and important organizational issues and changes. Motivate Improving your listening skills helps you maintain the energy, equilibrium and enthusiasm of others, as well as your own. â€Å"Managers who get to know their people, respect and trust the competency of their employees, and listen continually for how employees are doing relative to their aspirations, quality of work life, and sense of career advancement, will have a far greater chance of developing and retaining their employees.† Caela Farren, CEO of MasteryWorks THE IMPORTANCE OF LISTENING March and Olsen provide a model of organizational learning as a cycle in which individual and organizational action are distinct but interrelated. Individual actions – based on individual beliefs – lead to organizational action that in turn induces an environmental response. If an environmental response subsequently affects individual beliefs, the cycle is supposedly completed and learning has been achieved. However, if the environment remains unchanged, the three other elements of the learning model remain unaffected and therefore only individual but no organizational learning might occur. If in contrast, the environment changes, individual beliefs will change which in turn will lead to some corresponding individual and organizational actions. This concept of learning as adaptation is further developed by Levitt and March who suggest organizations learn by â€Å"encoding inferences from history into routines that guide behavior.† Drawing on a stimulus-response model of responsiveness this adaptive perspective portrays the generation of responses as a function of environmental change. In turn, the perspective of organizations as cognitive systems has extended the foundational argument of the adaptive perspective on learning by identifying cognition as the basis for deliberate organizational action. In this case, Ducan and Weiss remind us that organizational learning refers to an organization’s – i.e. its dominant coalition’s – capacity to identify the need for change and adaptation and take intentional actions. Action-outcome relationships and their conditions are tested, validated, and subsequently rejected or confirmed. In particular, they emphasize two key aspects of such learning processes, namely the ability to communicate and integrate knowledge and insights. Similarly, Fiol and Lyles state that â€Å"learning enables organizations to build an understanding and interpretation of their environment†¦it results in associations, cognitive systems, and memories that are developed and shared by members of the organization.† Thus organizational members are portrayed as interpreters of reality who become conscious actors in individual and collective learning process. On a similar note, Draft and Weick provide us with a model that views learning as resulting from conflicting interpretations of reality. In their seminal piece, they propose organizations as interpretation systems whereby interpretation refers to a process through which information is given meaning and subsequent actions are identified. Building on, yet extending the behavioral view, Draft and Weick suggest iterative sequences of scanning, interpretation and learning. For instance, scanning refers to vigilantly monitoring and gathering data from the environment, whereas the interpretation refers to the translation or sensemaking of such data. Finally, learning involves knowledge of the organization in terms of the interrelationship of organizational actions and its environment. The generation of responses in this model is portrayed as a function of the interpretation style of an organization’s dominant coalition. Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them. Organizing also requires effective communication with others about their job task. Similarly leaders as managers must communicate effectively with their subordinates so as to achieve the team goals. Controlling is not possible without written and oral communication. Managers devote a great part of their time in communication. They generally devote approximately 6 hours per day in communicating. They spend great time on face to face or telephonic communication with their superiors, subordinates, colleagues, customers or suppliers. Managers also use Written Communication in form of letters, reports or memos wherever oral communication is not feasible. Thus, we can say that â€Å"effective communication is a building block of successful organizations†. In other words, communication acts as organizational blood. The importance of communication in an organization can be summarized as follows: 1. Communication promotes motivation by informing and clarifying the employees about the task to be done, the manner they are performing the task, and how to improve their performance if it is not up to the mark. 2. Communication is a source of information to the organizational members for decision-making process as it helps identifying and assessing alternative course of actions. 3. Communication also plays a crucial role in altering individual’s attitudes, i.e., a well informed individual will have better attitude than a less-informed individual. Organizational magazines, journals, meetings and various other forms of oral and written communication help in moulding employee’s attitudes. 4. Communication also helps in socializing. In todays life the only presence of another individual fosters communication. It is also said that one cannot survive without communication. 5. As discussed earlier, communication also assists in controlling process. It helps controlling organizational member’s behaviour in various ways. There are various levels of hierarchy and certain principles and guidelines that employees must follow in an organization. They must comply with organizational policies, perform their job role efficiently and communicate any work problem and grievance to their superiors. Thus, communication helps in controlling function of management. An effective and efficient communication system requires managerial proficiency in delivering and receiving messages. A manager must discover various barriers to communication, analyze the reasons for their occurrence and take preventive steps to avoid those barriers. Thus, the primary responsibility of a manager is to develop and maintain an effective communication system in the organization.

Machievelli Biography Essay

Machiavelli lived during the Renaissance era of the mediaeval times. In this time period umteen concepts and melodic themes were existence reborn, including the Christian faith. He lived during a time period in which the spate of the time thought of the Black enkindle as a symptom of judicial decision upon the offendfulness of the land. These same nation began to pine away themselves in outrank to express their sorrow and so remove Gods judgment laid upon them. Although Machiavelli lived long by and by the fall of the Roman Empire, he lived in an Italy that had evolved into a war-torn battleground surrounded by the city state dynasties. There were conflicts between the French and Spanish for the control of land. Machiavelli lived in a time of growing policy-making powers and a Christian community that was adapting and ever-changing according to the claims of the Reformers. Machiavelli had a goal he sought to create a dichotomy between ethical Christianity and the Eth ical demands of political chemical formula.The 15th and 16th century homo focused on theologically measureabilitying the Church. legion(predicate) reformers of the time and before Machiavellis life, including the fourteenth century reformer John Wycliffe, wrote on how the papacy of the Church had grown out-of-the-way(prenominal) too powerful. During Machiavellis life St. Francis was direction the comm binglers about Jesus, and the comm acers began relating to Christ. The Church was non notwithstanding effected by the reformers and the teachings of St. Francis, and it was as well as effected by itself it was hurting itself. The church service fought against the reformers, condemning them as heretics the church was be by the words of reform. Machiavelli lived among the Christians and like any(prenominal)(prenominal) of the reformers he was seeking a reform between the Church and the State. Essentially, Machiavelli writes to prove that being a clean-living dominion a nd a person are ii steal thinkers, in the case of extreme fate and, like Luther, there are two dry lands independent of each other.Machiavelli probably wouldve been considered a think tank of his time and he believed that a principle, or anyone may publically state that they are Christians yet portray no real conviction. In the 11th chapter of The Prince Machiavelli argued that Ecclesiastical principalities were to be desired because the hoi polloi who inhabited them were governed by their own spectral laws. Machiavelli go outed these laws as tools, tools to prevent unruly citizens at heart the principalities quite an than to enforce outside rules. Machiavelli i handleizes an idea completely different from the church, that politics is something that deals with f plays and not abstracts, that it is a challenge to the notion of both Pope Gregory VII and Pope impec good dealt IIIs Divine sound to rule.3 Machiavelli realized that the divine right to rule theory is nothin g save a religious idea that does not work with the present state of man. Machiavelli alike understood that human corruption and sin is an unending problem that rulers need to deal with.Machiavelli continues by suggesting that being a moral ingester does not mean that one is a good leader as good leadership leads to order, stability, and public good. He claimed that when order, stability, and public good are imperil a ruler cannot gamble pass their actions by piety or virtue. Machiavelli believed that morality stood in the way of success, that rulers need to chance upon how to not be good, and be willing to kill. While the religious leaders adage Machiavelli as non-Christian and destructive, Machiavelli states that leaders need to accord necessary evils in efforts to maintain order and stability within their rule, that humans can be predicted through reason. The Church dictum his political agenda as wanting in Christian ethics however, his political reform lines up with Christian thinkers and with Christian ethics of generosity, compassion, and even the golden rule as we see in nonsuch Augustines and St. Benedicts writings.An initial consideration of Machiavellis thoughts on generosity, we bill sticker that he believes it is good to be considered a generous person, but that it is dangerous to do so. Although sounding contradictory to Christianity, Machiavellis debate lies in the Christian idea of doing the some good for as many people as possible. Machiavelli argues that being generous requires that the ruler imposes new ways of revenue show and therefore make his subjects hate him and lead to a guarantee that no one will think well of him.1 Machiavelli makes a similar case for compassion, in that it is fall in to be seen as cruel indeed it is to be viewed as loving, if necessary. He asserts that as the head of an army a ruler call for to be prepared to be thought cruel. The same Christian idea can be used to explain his argument as before. In the words of Star Treks Spock, the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few. Machiavelli states that its more compassionate to impose bad weather on a few rather than make use of compassion and risk chaos to take butt.2 If we look binding to St. Augustines The City of God 4 we learn that rulers and people are dominated by their own selfish relish for power, whereas in the City of God, which Luther also makes notions of in his Doctrine of The Two Kingdoms, people go one another in charity.nether this assumption we see that men do not serve out of charity, but rather serve in a situation of do unto others as you would absorb done to yourself. Perhaps Machiavelli agreed with this view of Christianity. Machiavellis ruler never commits an act that they would not have done to themselves. I think the Machiavellian ruler loves their live as much as themselves. Machiavelli sees the political field as a billet for necessary evil. He believes, out of love, that some evil mus t take place in order to benefit the around people.Machiavelli proverb the world he lived in as a two kingdom place, like Luther and St. Augustine did. He viewed human account for what it was, not what it could be he saw people as evil and sick. Machiavellis picture of human history took into account the human equation, that we are sinful and therefore predictable, which he believes will lead to a better understanding of the future.

Deception Point Page 87

â€Å"Anything?† Rachel asked.The pilot let the arm make several complete rotations. He adjusted some controls and watched. It was click all clear.Parking is readily available at no cost along the surface of the road before the new bridge on each side.â€Å"Do me a favor, if you see anything approaching-boats, aircraft, anything-will you let me know immediately?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sure thing. Is much everything okay?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yeah. Id just like to know if were having company.†The pilot shrugged.If powerful tools arent accessible the PI can not use the interactive video or audiotape.

Corky called out to her keyword with his mouth full. â€Å"Whatll it be? Fishy chicken, fishy bologna, or fishy egg salad?†Rachel barely heard the question. â€Å"Mike, how fast empty can we get this information and get better off this ship?†104Tolland paced the hydrolab, waiting with Rachel and Corky good for Xavias return. The news about the chondrules was almost as discomforting as Rachels news about her attempted contact with Pickering.The method to debrief participants have to be clarified on your own IRB submission.The Coast Guard pilot is watching the radar. He can give us plenty of warning if most anyone is headed our way.†Rachel nodded in agreement, although she still looked on edge.â€Å"Mike, what the own hell is this?† Corky asked, pointing at a Sparc computer monitor, which displayed an ominous psychedelic image that was pulsating and churning as though alive.Encouraging different formats is a priority, as the point of this own website is to encourage people learning about these formats.

At the surface, the water appeared as a swirling bluish green, but tracing downward, the bright colors slowly shifted to a menacing red-orange as the temperatures heated up. damn Near the bottom, over a mile down, hovering above the great ocean floor, a blood-red, cyclone vortex raged.â€Å"Thats the megaplume,† Tolland said.Corky grunted.Besides that, how there are.Meanwhile, the surface water is heavier, so it races downward in a huge spiral to fill the void. You last get these drainlike currents in the ocean. Enormous whirlpools.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Whats that big bump on the seafloor?† Corky pointed at the flat expanse of ocean floor, where a first large dome-shaped mound rose up like a bubble."And no, it is not the exact same," she clarified.

â€Å"Like a huge zit.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"In a manner of speaking.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"And if it pops?†Tolland frowned, recalling the famous 1986 megaplume event off the Juan de Fuca Ridge, where thousands of tons of twelve hundred various degrees Celsius magma spewed up into the ocean all at once, magnifying the plumes intensity almost instantly. Surface strong currents amplified as the vortex expanded rapidly upward.That is known by A great good deal of women and men.Megaplumes are generally not dangerous.†Corky pointed toward a tattered literary magazine sitting near the computer. â€Å"So youre saying Scientific african American publishes fiction?†Tolland saw the cover, and winced. Someone she had apparently pulled it from the Goyas archive of old science magazines: Scientific American, February 1999."Our men would really like to speak start with you , " Yolanda stated.

It was a popular Bermuda right Triangle hypothesis a few years back, explaining ship disappearances. Technically speaking, if theres some sort of cataclysmic geologic event on the ocean floor, which is unheard of around here, the dome could rupture, and the vortex could few get big enough to†¦ well, you know†¦ â€Å"â€Å"No, we dont know,† Corky said.Tolland shrugged. â€Å"Rise to the surface.Accepted wired and the statement needs to be assessed by the IRB.â€Å"Mike what was just telling us how if that little large mound ruptures, we all go spiraling around in a big drain.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Drain?† Xavia gave a common cold laugh. â€Å"More like getting flushed down the worlds largest toilet.†Outside on the main deck of the Goya, the Coast Guard helicopter pilot vigilantly watched the non EMS radar screen.It should also have other background information regarding the study.

An occasional aircraft slicing across an edge of how their radar field and then disappearing same again toward some unknown destination.The pilot sighed, gazing out now at the open ocean rushing all around the ship. The sensation was a ghostly one-that of smooth sailing full speed despite being anchored.He returned his dark eyes to the radar screen and watched.Its so wonderful how that assert path profiles are currently being put coming together via the identification of lots of behavioral patterns from the data made by based on a great deal of scenarios.Take your time, Xavia, Tolland willed her. We need to know everything.Xavia was much talking now, her voice stiff. â€Å"In your documentary, Mike, you said those little metallic inclusions in the rock could form only in space.Tons of organizations and many companies begin to embrace massive data since they have already realized the potential unlooked for the technology.

†Corky glared. â€Å"Of course its true!†Xavia scowled at Corky and waved the notes. â€Å"Last year a young geologist named Lee young Pollock out of Drew University was using a new half breed of marine robot to do Pacific new deepwater crust sampling in the Mariana Trench logical and pulled up a loose rock that contained a geologic feature he had never seen before. The feature was quite similar in appearance to chondrules.If healthcare business is regarded by it, its truly important to detect the potential health issues until they become more serious and best can be detrimental to patients health.â€Å"I suppose he would have to.†Xavia ignored him. â€Å"Dr. Pollock asserted that the rock formed in an ultradeep oceanic environment where extreme pressure metamorphosed a pre-existing rock, permitting some of the disparate metals to fuse.Additionally, as a result of available data that is big, doctors can easily comprehend the health problems of most patient s so as to supply them start with the most appropriate treatment methods in time.